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KF5JRV > TODAY 27.09.18 12:24l 52 Lines 2584 Bytes #999 (0) @ WW
BID : 22097_KF5JRV
Read: GUEST
Subj: Today in History - Sept 27
Path: IW8PGT<CX2SA<XE1FH<LU3DVN<LU1HVK<LU4ECL<VE2PKT<N9PMO<NS2B<KF5JRV
Sent: 180927/1115Z 22097@KF5JRV.#NWAR.AR.USA.NA BPQ6.0.16
In Rome, the Society of Jesus–a Roman Catholic missionary
organization–receives its charter from Pope Paul III. The Jesuit order
played an important role in the Counter-Reformation and eventually
succeeded in converting millions around the world to Catholicism.
The Jesuit movement was founded by Ignatius de Loyola, a Spanish soldier
turned priest, in August 1534. The first Jesuits–Ignatius and six of his
students–took vows of poverty and chastity and made plans to work for
the conversion of Muslims. If travel to the Holy Land was not possible,
they vowed to offer themselves to the pope for apostolic work. Unable to
travel to Jerusalem because of the Turkish wars, they went to Rome
instead to meet with the pope and request permission to form a new
religious order. In September 1540, Pope Paul III approved Ignatius’
outline of the Society of Jesus, and the Jesuit order was born.
Under Ignatius’ charismatic leadership, the Society of Jesus grew
quickly. Jesuit missionaries played a leading role in the
Counter-Reformation and won back many of the European faithful who had
been lost to Protestantism. In Ignatius’ lifetime, Jesuits were also
dispatched to India, Brazil, the Congo region, and Ethiopia. Education
was of utmost importance to the Jesuits, and in Rome Ignatius founded
the Roman College (later called the Gregorian University) and the
Germanicum, a school for German priests. The Jesuits also ran several
charitable organizations, such as one for former prostitutes and one for
converted Jews. When Ignatius de Loyola died in July 1556, there were
more than 1,000 Jesuit priests.
During the next century, the Jesuits set up ministries around the globe.
The “Black-Robes,ö as they were known in Native America, often preceded
other Europeans in their infiltration of foreign lands and societies.
The life of a Jesuit was one of immense risk, and thousands of priests
were persecuted or killed by foreign authorities hostile to their
mission of conversion. However, in some nations, such as India and
China, the Jesuits were welcomed as men of wisdom and science.
With the rise of nationalism in the 18th century, most European
countries suppressed the Jesuits, and in 1773 Pope Clement XIV dissolved
the order under pressure from the Bourbon monarchs. However, in 1814,
Pope Pius VII gave in to popular demand and reestablished the Jesuits as
an order, and they continue their missionary work to this day. Ignatius
de Loyola was canonized a Catholic saint in 1622.
73 de Scott KF5JRV
Pmail: KF5JRV@KF5JRV.#NWAR.AR.USA.NA
email: KF5JRV@ICLOUD.COM
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