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N9PMO  > LETTER   13.05.16 02:11l 643 Lines 29385 Bytes #999 (0) @ ARRL
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Sent: 160513/0101Z 13622@N9PMO.#SEWI.WI.USA.NOAM BPQ6.0.12

ARRL Ham Aid Gear Shipped to Ecuador to Support Earthquake Relief,
Recovery

Missouri Radio Amateur Petitions FCC to Designate "Symbol
Communication" Subbands

Rare de Forest Audion Donated to ARRL, Mated with Vintage Radio for
Museum Display

Canadian Radio Amateurs Went on Alert to Assist in Alberta Wildfire
Emergency, Evacuations

The Doctor Will See You Now!

National Parks on the Air Update

Dayton Aviation Heritage National Historical Park Opens for NPOTA
Activity During Hamvention

ARRL DX Log Archive Invites Submissions at Dayton Hamvention®

OTH Radars, Fishery and Taxi Traffic, Buoys, and Broadcasters Continue
to Mar Ham Bands

Philip J. McGan Memorial Silver Antenna Award Nominations Due by May
20

ARRL/TAPR Digital Communications Conference Issues 2016 Call for
Papers

Former Alpha/Power President, Researcher John Brosnahan, W0UN, SK

In Brief...

Getting It Right!

The K7RA Solar Update

Just Ahead in Radiosport

Upcoming ARRL Section, State, and Division Conventions

ARRL Ham Aid Gear Shipped to Ecuador to Support Earthquake Relief,
Recovery

Five boxes of Ham Aid Amateur Radio equipment -- some 400 pounds in
all -- left ARRL Headquarters on May 4, bound for the Guayaquil Radio
Club (HC2GRC) in Ecuador. The radio equipment will help to support
relief and recovery efforts under way in the wake of a magnitude 7.8
earthquake that struck the South American nation on April 16. Valued
at more than $7500, the equipment will provide reliable communication
in areas where the telecommunication infrastructure suffered damaged.

ARRL has donated 400 pounds of Ham Aid communication equipment to
support relief efforts in Ecuador following the 7.8 magnitude
earthquake on April 16. From left to right: Ken Bailey, K1FUG; Mike
Corey, KI1U; Sean Kutzko, KX9X, and ARRL CEO Tom Gallagher, NY2RF.

"As we've seen before -- in Haiti and Nepal -- an earthquake can cause
long-term disruptions in infrastructure," said ARRL Emergency
Preparedness Manager Mike Corey, KI1U. "An Amateur Radio network fills
the communications gaps. It can be deployed anywhere, run on solar
power, and can function without the Internet or traditional
telecommunication infrastructure."

Corey said the recovery process can be lengthy, and radio amateurs in
the affected area need repeaters, antennas, antenna supports, and many
other things to be able to help those disrupted by disaster. "This is
what Ham Aid is for -- to enable amateurs to effectively respond
following a disaster to help their communities through the recovery
process," he said.

Most earthquake damage occurred in the Guayaquil (HC2) and
Portoviejo/Manta (HC4) areas. Some structures in Portoviejo and Manta
suffered severe damage, with many victims buried in the rubble of
collapsed buildings and homes. In the immediate aftermath of the
disaster, electrical power and commercial telecommunication systems
were either destroyed or disrupted, and many roads were rendered
impassable because of earthquake rubble.

Corey noted that while most Ham Aid deployments have been stateside,
the opportunity arose for the ARRL to assist with this international
disaster relief effort through the Guayaquil Radio Club.

ARRL CEO Tom Gallagher, NY2RF, said, "For more than 100 years, when
there is a need, we use our communication and electronics expertise to
give back. Amateur Radio answers the call when and where needed."

Missouri Radio Amateur Petitions FCC to Designate "Symbol
Communication" Subbands

James E. Whedbee, N0ECN, of Gladstone, Missouri, has petitioned the
FCC to designate Morse (radiotelegraphy) Amateur Radio band segments
as "symbol communication" subbands. The FCC has invited comments on
his Petition for Rule Making (RM-11769), filed on May 2. Arguing that
retaining the current regime of "legacy" CW subbands has proven
"grossly inefficient," Whedbee said he'd like to see the FCC delete
all privilege restrictions that limit any part of the Amateur Radio
spectrum to Morse code to the exclusion of other modes.

"Nostalgia for retention of Morse code telegraphy-only subbands is
also an insufficient reason to avoid moving forward to [the]
elimination of such subbands, because nothing about this Petition
suggests the elimination of the mode itself, only that it not be the
sole authorized mode in the subject subbands," Whedbee told the FCC.

Whedbee characterized CW-only subbands as "an excessive regulatory
constraint, as well as a poor use of the spectrum concerned." He
proposed that the FCC's Part 97 rules reflect the "ultimate form of
communication reproduced at the receiving end." As he explained it,
his regulatory scheme would break down modes into three categories:
"Symbol communication mode" -- for CW, digital, and other emission
modes that reproduce a discrete symbol on the receiving end; "voice
mode," and "image mode."

"[C]ontinuing regulation by specific emission designator is proving to
be onerous with changes to the state of the art," Whedbee said.
"Accordingly, to continue developing the state of the art in
radiocommunications, Amateur Radio needs to clearly get away from
regulating in that fashion and return to consideration of what the
receiving end of the communication reproduces." Commenters have 30
days to respond to Whedbee's Petition. Read more.

Rare de Forest Audion Donated to ARRL, Mated with Vintage Radio for
Museum Display

An ARRL member from Virginia has donated a rare de Forest "round bulb"
Audion vacuum tube to the League, which has paired the groundbreaking
triode with a de Forest receiver of similar vintage. Walt Bain, W4LTU,
recently wrote ARRL Headquarters to see if the League would give the
antique tube a home. Radio pioneer Lee de Forest filed his first
patent for the Audion in 1907, describing it as a detector of sound,
and he is generally credited with having invented the vacuum tube.
First used as the detector in the de Forest Audion Receiver, the
Audion subsequently was heralded as the world's first electronic
amplifying device. Bain, who is 86, said he inherited the Audion from
his father, George Bain, a graduate of Wesleyan University in
Connecticut in the 1920s, who went on to work for Westinghouse.

The de Forest Audion. [Bob Allison, WB1GCM, photo]

"In the 1930s he was chief engineer at Ken-Rad Tube and Lamp Company,"
Bain told ARRL. "He would have met de Forest anytime during college,
at Westinghouse, or Ken-Rad." This particular Audion likely dates back
to the early 1910s and appears to be a somewhat later version of the
device that de Forest had submitted on his patent application a few
years earlier. An intact Audion such as this one is considered
extremely rare.

ARRL Lab Test Engineer Bob Allison, WB1GCM, who curates the League's
museum collection, accepted the Audion and had it installed on the
League's own de Forest Audion Receiver, which lacked a tube. "Each
year, we have about 2000 visitors to the Lab; they will get to see
that tube," Allison said. The League's Audion Receiver bears the
patents of de Forest's Radio Telephone and Telegraph Company.

The Audion's three elements are clearly visible within the blown-glass
envelope. Connections to the Audion's rectangular plate and squiggly
grid were made via wires exiting one end of the bulb. The other end
features a candelabra-style lamp base, which screws into a socket,
providing the filament connection. The Audion is mounted with the lamp
base up, to prevent the filament from sagging and touching the tube's
other two elements.

The de Forest Audion in its natural habitat, installed in a de Forest
Audion Receiver. [Bob Allison, WB1GCM, photo]

In developing the Audion, de Forest had built on the work of John
Ambrose Fleming, who invented a two-element vacuum tube in 1905. De
Forest discovered that applying a radio signal to a grid instead of to
the filament, or cathode, would yield a more sensitive RF detector. De
Forest came up with the idea of using a series of Audions to enhance
their amplifying capabilities, an attribute American Telephone &
Telegraph company capitalized upon, after securing de Forest's
patents.

In time, vacuum tubes supplanted solid-state mineral detectors in
radio receivers, although in a "what goes around, comes around" turn
of events, solid-state devices called "transistors" replaced the
vacuum tube in the 1950s and 1960s. Today's iPhones have the
equivalent of 2 billion transistors packed inside.

Canadian Radio Amateurs Went on Alert to Assist in Alberta Wildfire
Emergency, Evacuations

A wildfire in Alberta, Canada, that began unremarkably on May 1 as
"MWF-009" soon ballooned into a major, fast-moving conflagration,
owing to hot, dry weather, high winds, and low humidity, creating a
disaster of historic proportions. The flames caused extensive property
damage and led to the evacuation of the entire population of Fort
McMurray, in the heart of Canada's oil sands country. While the
wildfire emergency never became a "communications event," prompting an
ARES activation, Radio Amateurs of Canada said, radio amateurs on the
ground helped other organizations such as the Red Cross.

Alberta Section Manager Garry Jacobs, VE6CIA/VE6OW, reported on May 5
that Alberta ARES went on standby "to provide VHF/UHF linking,"
although there was no HF activity due to the fact that Fort McMurray
had been evacuated.

According to the Amateur Radio Coalition, a national ham radio "fan
page" on Facebook, PERCS (Provincial Emergency Radio Communications
Service) was put on standby to staff the radio room and to establish
communication into Fort McMurray, and the club in Fort McMurray was
staffing its local emergency communications center in case
communications fail. PERCS Alberta Assistant Coordinator Curtis
Bidulock, VE6AEW, said the organization directly supports the Alberta
Emergency Management Agency and assists all Alberta Amateur Radio
clubs with provincial coordination of resources and communication
links, as requested.

By the end of the first week, some 80,000 residents had been evacuated
from Fort McMurray. Read more.

The Doctor Will See You Now!

"Open Wire Feed Lines" is the topic of the current (May 5) episode of
the "ARRL The Doctor is In" podcast. Listen...and learn! Coming up on
May 19: "Hunting Down Interference."

Sponsored by DX Engineering, "ARRL The Doctor is In" is an informative
discussion of all things technical. Listen on your computer, tablet,
or smartphone -- whenever and wherever you like!

Every 2 weeks, your host, QST Editor in Chief Steve Ford, WB8IMY, and
the Doctor himself, Joel Hallas, W1ZR, will discuss a broad range of
technical topics. You can also e-mail your questions to
doctor@arrl.org, and the Doctor may answer them in a future podcast.

Enjoy "ARRL The Doctor is In" on Apple iTunes, or by using your iPhone
or iPad podcast app (just search for "ARRL The Doctor is In"). You can
also listen online at Blubrry, or at Stitcher (free registration
required, or browse the site as a guest) and through the free Stitcher
app for iOS, Kindle, or Android devices.

If you've never listened to a podcast before, download our beginner's
guide.

National Parks on the Air Update

Congratulations to Larry Burke, K5RK, the first radio amateur to
confirm 400 of the 484 eligible NPS units for National Parks on the
Air (NPOTA)! As of May 11, Larry had 402 units confirmed. Five other
NPOTA participants have more than 390 confirmed, and 18 hams have more
than 350 units confirmed. There now have been more than 5100
activations of NPS units in 2016, resulting in 333,000 contacts.

There will be plenty of NPOTA-themed activity at Dayton Hamvention May
20-22. Look for the NPOTA booth in the ARRL EXPO area, attend the
NPOTA forum on Saturday at 9:15AM, and visit the Dayton Aviation
Heritage National Historical Park in downtown Dayton, where two
stations will be available to operate (see below).

Thirty NPOTA activations are on the calendar from May 12-19, including
Oregon Caves National Monument is Oregon, and the Whitman Mission
National Historic Site in Washington. Details about these and other
upcoming activations can be found on the NPOTA Activations calendar.

Keep up with the latest NPOTA news on Facebook. Follow NPOTA on
Twitter (@ARRL_NPOTA).

Dayton Aviation Heritage National Historical Park Opens for NPOTA
Activity During Hamvention

ARRL has an opportunity for those traveling to Dayton Hamvention® who
want to activate an NPS unit for National Parks on the Air (NPOTA)!
The League has secured an operating permit with the Dayton Aviation
Heritage National Historical Park in downtown Dayton. The special
NPOTA activity will be available for visiting operators to enjoy
activating an NPOTA unit without having to bring their own gear. The
event will run from Friday, May 20, until Sunday, May 22, at the
Wright-Dunbar Interpretive Center. Operations will run from 9 AM until
5 PM on Friday and Saturday, and 9 AM until noon on Sunday.

"Dayton Aviation Heritage National Historical Park is excited to
partner with ARRL for a National Parks on the Air event during Dayton
Hamvention 2016," said Dayton Aviation Heritage National Historical
Park Ranger Ryan Qualls. "ARRL's legacy of experimentation, education,
and public service is in concert with the National Park Service's
mission. We hope that Hamvention attendees visit the park during their
stay in Dayton and learn how Orville and Wilbur Wright, two bicycle
mechanics from Ohio, changed the world through their experiments in
aviation."

ARRL Ohio Section Affiliated Club Coordinator John Myers, KD8MQ, is
coordinating on-site operations for the event. He is looking for
volunteers on Friday and Saturday who would be able to help visiting
operators and/or explain NPOTA and Amateur Radio to non-ham park
visitors. Even an hour or two of time as a volunteer would be helpful.
Contact him to volunteer or to sign up for a 15-minute operating slot.
All slots are available on a first-come, first-served basis, and all
operators are limited to one slot, to make this opportunity available
to as many visitors as possible.

"I'm really looking forward to working with the National Park Service
and the League to make this location available during Hamvention
week," Myers said.

Vibroplex is donating antennas mast and hardware to the effort, and
ARRL is providing the equipment. The Wright-Dunbar Interpretive Center
is located at 16 South Williams Street in downtown Dayton.

ARRL DX Log Archive Invites Submissions at Dayton Hamvention®

The ARRL DX Log Archive has invited anyone planning to attend Dayton
Hamvention® to submit hard copy DX logbooks for inclusion in the
archive. A major donation from noted DXer Kan Mizoguchi, JA1BK, to the
ARRL Second Century Campaign is supporting "The DX Log Archive Endowed
by JA1BK," as it's officially known. Earnings from his generous gift
funded creation and management of the DX Log Archive, which will serve
as a repository of paper DX logs of rare and significant DXpeditions
that took place prior to the advent of computer logging, as well as of
certain other DXpedition artifacts. Pre-1990 logs are the most sought
after. The archive is also seeking paper logs from stations whose
operators resided in interesting and/or "rare" places, as well as any
pre-1930 logs.

"We have listed the first logs that we have in our possession," ARRL
Field Services and Radiosport Manager Dave Patton, NN1N, said. "If
anyone wants to bring old, interesting logs to Dayton, we will be
happy to take them, if they satisfy the program guidelines." Contact
the program administrator with any questions or with information about
an available log -- or one known to be available -- and the
administrator will make a determination.

Logs accepted for the archive will be inventoried, preserved, stored,
and made available to confirm those long-ago contacts and for use in
research projects. The archive also welcomes DXpedition artifacts or
documents, such as licenses, landing permits, ship logs, and blank QSL
cards.

A few logs are now available in the archive database.

OTH Radars, Fishery and Taxi Traffic, Buoys, and Broadcasters Continue
to Mar Ham Bands

The International Amateur Radio Union Region 1 Monitoring System
(IARUMS) April newsletter chronicles a plethora of intruding signals
heard on exclusive Amateur Radio allocations in Europe and Africa,
many of these also affecting the bands in IARU Regions 1 and 3. The
most significant interfering signals originate from over-the-horizon
(OTH) radars in China and Russia and affect 40, 30, 20, and 15 meters.

The newsletter also recounts monitoring stations' reports of voice
traffic on several bands from fishing operations in various parts of
the world, telemetry from marine buoys, and persistent taxi
dispatching traffic from Russia on 10 meters. Other interference has
stemmed from broadcasters -- harmonic-challenged and otherwise -- as
well as from jamming signals attempting to prevent broadcasts from
reaching their intended audiences. Pirate (ie, unlicensed) stations
have been reported on 80 meters and elsewhere, and Russian digital
military traffic has been monitored on 40 and 20 meters.

OTH radar interference prevails, however. IARUMS Region 1 Coordinator
Wolf Hadel, DK2OM, documented a Chinese OTH radar occupying
considerable swaths of spectrum on several bands.

IARU Region 1 maintains the world's most active network of volunteer
intruder monitors.

Philip J. McGan Memorial Silver Antenna Award Nominations Due by May
20

The deadline to submit nominations for the 2016 Philip J. McGan
Memorial Silver Antenna Award is Friday, May 20. Honoring the memory
of Phil McGan, WA2MBQ, the first chairman of the ARRL Public Relations
Committee, the award recognizes the promotion of Amateur Radio to the
general public.

Philip J. McGan, WB2MBQ (SK).

Each year, ARRL public information coordinators, public information
officers, and other public relations volunteers strive to keep Amateur
Radio visible in their communities by publicizing special events,
writing media releases, creating media for radio and television, and
maintaining good relations with local media -- among many other
valuable activities.

If you know someone who has achieved public relations success on
behalf of Amateur Radio, consider nominating that individual for the
McGan Award. The award will recognize a radio amateur who has
demonstrated success in Amateur Radio public relations and who best
exemplifies the volunteer spirit of Phil McGan.

Nominees must be full ARRL members in good standing, may not be
compensated for any public relations work involving Amateur Radio, and
may not be current ARRL officers, Directors, Vice Directors, paid
staff members, or members of the selection committee. Anyone may make
a nomination.

Nominations must be on an official entry form. Nominations must be
received at ARRL Headquarters by the close of business on May 20,
2016. Mail nominations and any supporting documentation to Philip J.
McGan Memorial Silver Antenna Award, PR Department, ARRL, 225 Main St,
Newington, CT 06111.

The ARRL Public Relations Committee will review all nominations and
forward its recommendation to the Programs and Services Committee of
the ARRL Board of Directors. The Board will make a final determination
at its July meeting.

For more information, contact ARRL Media and Public Relations Manager
Sean Kutzko, KX9X.

ARRL/TAPR Digital Communications Conference Issues 2016 Call for
Papers

Technical Papers are being solicited for presentation at the 35th
Annual ARRL/TAPR Digital Communications Conference (DCC), September
16-18 in St Petersburg, Florida. Papers will also be published in the
Conference Proceedings. Authors do not need to attend the conference
to have their papers included in the Proceedings. The submission
deadline is July 31, 2016.

The ARRL/TAPR Digital Communications Conference is an international
forum for technically minded radio amateurs to meet and present new
ideas and techniques. Paper/presentation topic areas include -- but
are not limited to -- software defined radio (SDR), digital voice,
digital satellite communication, digital signal processing (DSP), HF
digital modes, adapting IEEE 802.11 systems for Amateur Radio, Global
Positioning System (GPS), Automatic Position Reporting System (APRS),
Linux in Amateur Radio, AX.25 updates, and Internet operability with
Amateur Radio networks.

Submit papers via e-mail or via US mail to Maty Weinberg, KB1EIB,
ARRL, 225 Main St, Newington, CT 06111. Papers will be published
exactly as submitted, and authors will retain all rights.

Former Alpha/Power President, Researcher John Brosnahan, W0UN, SK

Former Alpha/Power President and Technical Director John Brosnahan,
W0UN, of Vanderpool, Texas, died on May 4 after suffering an apparent
stroke. He was 71 and an ARRL Life Member.

John Brosnahan, W0UN.

"John was a great family man, a first-rate contester, a DXer, builder,
problem solver, businessman, and a help to all who knew him," said
Alan Applegate, K0BG, his friend of many years. "He was also one of
the most personable people I have ever known."

An active contester, Brosnahan was a contributor to National Contest
Journal (NCJ) and to the ARRL Contest Update, as well as to various
technical forums. He stepped down from Alpha/Power in 2000 citing a
combination of health issues and family obligations.

Brosnahan, who relocated from Colorado to Texas about 10 years ago,
was a research physicist and developer of atmospheric remote-sensing
tools for clients such as the National Oceanographic and Atmospheric
Administration (NOAA). Applegate said Brosnahan did a lot of the
equipment design and installation for the High Frequency Active
Auroral Research Program (HAARP) ionospheric research facility in
Alaska.

Brosnahan founded Signal Hill Research, Tycho Technologies, and
LaSalle Research. He contributed technical papers to such journals as
Radio Science.

In Brief...

Digital Storage Oscilloscopes for Ham Radio Now Available as E-Book:
The ARRL's newest e-book is Digital Storage Oscilloscopes for Ham
Radio, by Eric Nichols, KL7AJ. This rapidly developing instrument is
finding its way into the Amateur Radio station in many useful and
interesting ways. "Recent developments in technology have brought the
price of this marvelous class of instruments into the range of every
radio amateur's budget," Nichols said. "A limitless variety of routine
and exotic tasks in the ham shack can be performed with the aid of the
DSO." Digital Storage Oscilloscopes for Ham Radio is an introduction
to the capabilities of the DSO. It will help guide you as you consider
making your first purchase, which as we will demonstrate, will
probably not be your last. To order, download the e-book in the Kindle
format from Amazon.

VOA Museum to Host Hamvention Amateur Radio Reception: The National
Voice of America Museum of Broadcasting, located at the former VOA
Bethany, Ohio, Relay Station, will host a reception for radio amateurs
on Saturday, May 21, 6:30-9 PM, for Dayton Hamvention® attendees. The
museum will be open for tours, and West Chester Amateur Radio Club
station WC8VOA -- located in the original VOA control room -- will be
available for operation. The museum displays a collection of R.L.
Drake equipment as well as the Collins 821A 250 kW shortwave
transmitter that was used at the site. Admission is $5. Refreshments
will be offered. The museum is located south of Dayton off I-75. Exit
at Tylersville Road, and turn left at the top of the ramp. The museum
is about 1 mile east on the left (north) side of Tylersville Road. --
Thanks to Jay Adrick, K8CJY, via QRZ.com

Classic Radio Buff John Dilks, K2TQN, to offer "Old Transmissions and
Voices of the Past" at Hamvention: Antique radio aficionado John
Dilks, K2TQN, who edited "Vintage Radio" in QST for 15 years, will
moderate a forum, "Old Transmissions and Voices of the Past" at
Hamvention® on Friday, May 20, 2:30-3:30, in Room 5. His presentation
will include photos, graphics, and the actual voices of several
wireless pioneers relating their personal accounts, including
Guglielmo Marconi, Lee de Forest, Hugo Gernsback, Major Edwin
Armstrong, and Clarence Tuska, who will describe the start of QST in
1915.

Armed Forces Day Military/Amateur Radio Cross-Band Communications Test
is May 14: The US Army, Air Force, Navy and Coast Guard will cosponsor
the Armed Forces Day Military/Amateur Radio Cross-Band Communications
Test on Saturday, May 14, 2016. The event gets under way at 1200 UTC,
with activity continuing throughout the day. Some military stations
may not operate for the entire period. Read more.

Getting It Right!

The article "Carole Perry, WB2MGP, to Moderate Hamvention® Forums" in
the May 5 edition of The ARRL Letter incorrectly indicated that ARRL
is the sponsor of the Hamvention Instructors' Forum on Friday, May 20.
The ARRL was among the many Amateur Radio businesses and organizations
contributing prizes for the forum, but is not a sponsor.

The K7RA Solar Update

Tad Cook, K7RA, Seattle, reports: A whopper of a geomagnetic storm
occurred on Mother's Day, May 8, when the planetary A index reached
70. In Alaska, the college A index was 117. Aurora was visible in
North America well south of the northern tier of states.

The latest prediction has planetary A index at 8 on May 12; 5 on May
13-14; 8, 14, 10, 6, 12, 15, and 12 on May 15-21; 5 on May 22-23; 10
on May 24; 5 on May 25-27; 10, 25, and 10 on May 28-30; 5 on May
31-June 1; 12 on June 2-3; 30, 32, 25, 15, and 8 on June 4-8, and 5 on
June 9-10. The planetary A index then rises to 25 on June 25.

Predicted solar flux is 97 on May 12; 100 on May 13-14; 102, 105, 99,
93, and 85 on May 15-19; 82 on May 20-22; 85 on May 23-25; 90 on May
26-30; 88 on May 31-June 2; 85 on June 3-6; 90 on June 7-9; 95 on June
10-11; 90 and 85 on June 12-13; 82 on June 14-18, and 85 on June 19.

Average daily sunspot number dropped 15.6 points to 59.1 over the past
week, and average daily solar flux declined 3.1 points to 88.8.
Average daily planetary A index over the same period doubled from 11.3
to 22.6, and average daily mid-latitude A index rose 3.9 points to
14.6.

Sunspot numbers for May 5 through May 11 were 55, 56, 51, 42, 68, 70,
and 72, with a mean of 59.1. The 10.7 centimeter flux was 87.1, 89.6,
88, 85.6, 88.5, 88.7, and 93.9, with a mean of 88.8. Estimated
planetary A indices were 8, 15, 10, 70, 33, 16, and 6, with a mean of
22.6. Estimated mid-latitude A indices were 7, 12, 9, 32, 21, 15, and
6, with a mean of 14.6.

In Friday's bulletin look for an updated forecast as well as comments
and questions from readers, plus a review of our moving average of
sunspot numbers.

Send me your reports and observations.

Just Ahead in Radiosport

May 12 -- NAQCC CW Sprint

May 14 -- FISTS Spring Unlimited Sprint (CW)

May 14-15 -- HPC World Wide DX Contest (Digital)

May 14-15 -- CQ-M International DX Contest (CW, phone)

May 14-15 -- VOLTA WW RTTY Contest

May 14-15 -- Arkansas QSO Party (CW, phone, digital)

May 14-15 -- MARAC USA QSO Party (CW)

May 14 -15 -- Portuguese Navy Day Contest (CW, phone)

May 14-15 -- 50 MHz Spring Sprint (CW, phone, digital)

May 15 -- WAB 7 MHz Phone

May 15 -- UA2 QSO Party (CW, phone)

May 16 -- Run for the Bacon QRP Contest (CW)

May 19 -- RSGB 80 Meter Club Championship (CW)

See the ARRL Contest Calendar for more information. For in-depth
reporting on Amateur Radio contesting, subscribe to The ARRL Contest
Update via your ARRL member profile e-mail preferences.

Upcoming ARRL Section, State, and Division Conventions

May 13-15 -- Rocky Mountain Division Convention, Keystone, Colorado

May 14 -- Iowa State Convention, Boone, Iowa

May 20-22 -- Dayton Hamvention, Dayton, Ohio

June 3-5 -- Northwestern Division Convention, Seaside, Oregon

June 4 -- Georgia Section Convention, Marietta, Georgia

June 5 -- Western Pennsylvania Section Convention, Prospect,
Pennsylvania

June 10-11 -- West Gulf Division Convention, Irving, Texas

June 18 -- Tennessee State Convention, Knoxville, Tennessee

July 2 -- Eastern Pennsylvania Section Convention, Harrisburg,
Pennsylvania

July 8-9 -- Northern Florida Section Convention, Milton, Florida

July 8-9 -- Utah State Convention, Sandy, Utah

July 22-23 -- Oklahoma Section Convention, Oklahoma City, Oklahoma

July 29-31 -- Central States VHF Conference, Rochester, Minnesota

Find conventions and hamfests in your area.

ARRL -- Your One-Stop Resource for 

Amateur Radio News and Information.

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most popular and informative journal, delivered to your mailbox each
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Listen to ARRL Audio News, available every Friday.

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