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N9PMO > LETTER 05.10.18 20:03l 628 Lines 28226 Bytes #999 (0) @ ARRL
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Sent: 181005/1746Z 6722@N9PMO.#SEWI.WI.USA.NA BPQ6.0.16
ARRL, FCC Discussing Issue of Uncertified Imported VHF/UHF
Transceivers
Amateur Radio Volunteers in Indonesia Link Earthquake Zone with
Outside World
The Doctor Will See You Now!
ARRL Updating its Website Security Software
"Black Swan 18" to Test Government/Amateur Interoperability on 60
Meters
AMSAT's Fox-1Cliff CubeSat Ready for Launch
AMSAT-DL Symposium Hears Update on Es'hail-2 Geostationary Satellite
Spray-On Antennas Could Be the Wave of the Future, University
Researchers Believe
In Brief...
The K7RA Solar Update
Just Ahead in Radiosport
Upcoming ARRL Section, State, and Division Conventions
ARRL, FCC Discussing Issue of Uncertified Imported VHF/UHF
Transceivers
ARRL has taken a minor exception to the wording of a September 24 FCC
Enforcement visory pertaining to the importation, marketing, and sale
of VHF and UHF transceivers and is in discussion with FCC personnel to
resolve the matter. The Enforcement visory was in response to the
importation into the US of certain radio products that are not FCC
certified for use in any radio service, but identified as Amateur
Radio equipment.
"While much of this equipment is actually usable on amateur bands, the
radios are also capable of operation on non-amateur frequencies
allocated to radio services that require the use of equipment that has
been FCC certified," ARRL said. "Such equipment is being marketed
principally to the general public via mass e-marketers and not to
Amateur Radio licensees."
ARRL said the upshot is that the general public has been purchasing
these radios in large quantities, and they are being used on the air
by unlicensed individuals.
"Radio amateurs have complained of increased, unlicensed use of
amateur allocations by people who are clearly unlicensed and
unfamiliar with Amateur Radio operating protocols," ARRL said. But
while it supports the general tenor and intent of the Enforcement
visory, ARRL said it disagrees with the FCC on one point.
"In several places, the Enforcement visory makes the point that
'anyone importing, advertising, or selling such noncompliant devices
should stop immediately, and anyone owning such devices should not use
them,'" ARRL pointed out. "The visory broadly prohibits the 'use' of
such radios, but our view is that there is no such prohibition
relative to licensed Amateur Radio use -- entirely within amateur
allocations -- of a radio that may be capable of operation in
non-amateur spectrum, as long as it is not actually used to transmit
in non-amateur spectrum.
ARRL has had extensive discussions about this issue with FCC Wireless
Bureau and Enforcement Bureau staff, and those discussions are
ongoing.
"It is important to protect the flexibility of the Amateur Service as
essentially an experimental radio service, but it is also very
important to stop the unlawful importation and marketing of illegal
radios in the United States and the use of those radios by unlicensed
persons," ARRL maintained. "We will keep our members informed as our
discussions with FCC on this subject continue."
Amateur Radio Volunteers in Indonesia Link Earthquake Zone with
Outside World
Following a devastating 7.7-magnitude earthquake and tsunami in
Central Sulawesi Island in Indonesia, on September 28, members of
International Amateur Radio Union (IARU) member-society ORARI and
other volunteers have been providing emergency communication for
community and government interests. The quake and tsunami destroyed
the city of Palu, completely cutting power and telecommunications.
Satellite view of the stricken City of Palu. [Google Crisis Response
image]
New IARU Region 3 Disaster Communication Coordinator Dani Halim,
YB2TJV, said Amateur Radio operators in Indonesia immediately
responded to the unfolding disaster, establishing an emergency net on
7.110 MHz. Amateur Radio volunteers from other regions also pitched in
to support radio communication for emergency news on 7.110 MHz and
7.065 MHz. ORARI has asked that radio amateurs not involved in the
emergency response avoid those frequencies. ORARI also activated the
LAPAN-ORARI IO-86 satellite as a backup communication channel. Some
radio amateurs with mobile stations have traveled to the affected
region to help.
According to Budi Santoso, YF1AR, on Java Island, the local Palu ORARI
representative Ronny Korompot, YB8PR, was among the first contacted.
Through his mobile station, he reported on conditions and the
response, including evacuations. Sutrisno Sofingi, YB8NT, was also
heard on 7.110 MHz using an emergency station he assembled at the
disaster site. He said Amateur Radio was the only available
communication with the outside world.
Amateur Radio also has assisted government agencies following severe
damage to the telecommunication infrastructure. Hams operating on 2
meters were communicating information on which roads were open to
allow traffic from the outside.
Halim reported that communication was established from the Luwuk
Disaster Management Agency some 430 miles from the earthquake's
epicenter to obtain information on landslides and blocked roads and
highways.
Salmin Sahidin, YB8IBD, in Southeast Sulawesi has been live streaming
audio of the activity on 7.110 MHz via his Facebook page.
The earthquake and subsequent tsunami has claimed more than 1,400
people and caused widespread devastation. Some victims remain trapped
in the debris. -- Thanks to IARU Region 3 and Budi Santoso, YF1AR
The Doctor Will See You Now!
"Volt-Ohm Meters" is the topic of the current (September 27) episode
of the "ARRL The Doctor is In" podcast. Listen...and learn!
Sponsored by DX Engineering, "ARRL The Doctor is In" is an informative
discussion of all things technical. Listen on your computer, tablet,
or smartphone -- whenever and wherever you like!
Every 2 weeks, your host, QST Editor-in-Chief Steve Ford, WB8IMY, and
the Doctor himself, Joel Hallas, W1ZR, will discuss a broad range of
technical topics. You can also email your questions to
doctor@arrl.org, and the Doctor may answer them in a future podcast.
Enjoy "ARRL The Doctor is In" on Apple iTunes, or by using your iPhone
or iPad podcast app (just search for "ARRL The Doctor is In"). You can
also listen online at Blubrry, or at Stitcher (free registration
required, or browse the site as a guest) and through the free Stitcher
app for iOS, Kindle, or Android devices. If you've never listened to a
podcast before, download our beginner's guide.
Just ahead: "Winterizing your Station."
ARRL Updating its Website Security Software
The ARRL website will update its security software on October 15 to
meet standards required to continue accepting credit cards for
internet purchases.
"For the vast majority of our members, there will be no impact other
than a guarantee of better security when logging into and making
purchases on the ARRL website," said ARRL Headquarters IT Department
Manager Mike Keane, K1MK. "Only those using old browsers or outdated
operating systems will encounter a browser error message when trying
to log in or make a purchase on the website."
These browsers are among those that are safe to continue using:
Google Chrome 30 or higher (version 40 or higher recommended)
Mozilla Firefox 27 or higher (version 34 or higher recommended)
Microsoft Internet Explorer 11 or higher
Apple Safari 7 or higher (Safari 5 or higher on mobile)
Microsoft Edge, all versions
Opera 17 or higher (version 27 or higher recommended)
The vast majority of our website users will not have to take any
action. Most modern browsers and operating systems will not be
affected by the change, as they already support the new security
standards. If you are affected, go to your browser vendor's website
and download an up-to-date version of your browser.
To check if your browser will be affected by this change, you can use
the site How's My SSL? This will advise you of your browser's version.
"We know it is common for some radio amateurs to keep older computers
for logging or radio control," ARRL Marketing Manager Bob Inderbitzen,
NQ1R, observed. "If the computer is connected to the internet, ARRL
recommends that users keep their computers up to date in terms of
operating system, software updates, and hardware to protect you and
your personal information from online security vulnerabilities."
The Deeper Dive
In order to comply with PCI Security Standards Council requirements,
all payment processors, merchants, service providers, and other
stakeholders must use TLS 1.1 or higher to ensure the transmission and
receiving of secure communications. TLS is a cryptographic protocol
that provide authentication and data encryption between different
endpoints (e.g., a client connecting to a web server). On October 15,
ARRL will disable support for the outdated TLS 1.0 protocol. Visitors
seeing an error message need to update their browsers to a version
that supports TLS 1.1 or higher.
ARRL is making this change to ensure that we are adhering to best
industry practices, thereby providing our members, our clients, and
other website visitors with a higher level of security for their
browsing sessions.
"This the same thing that every other website that requires a username
and password or accepts credit cards is doing or has already done,"
Keane said. "We're meeting an industry security standard."
"Black Swan 18" to Test Government/Amateur Interoperability on 60
Meters
"Black Swan 18" is a communications exercise aiming to test how well
responders, emergency management agencies, and non-government
organizations (NGOs) activate, operate, and complete communication
missions, specifically in terms of the volume, accuracy, and speed of
radio traffic. The scenario for the October 4 - 10 Black Swan 18 will
be a series of winter storms and associated events. ARRL Field
Organization teams have been invited to adapt this activity as the
basis of their annual Simulated Emergency Test (SET). Operational
periods by participating organizations should not exceed 48 hours.
"In a high-impact disaster, response will need to include many
organizations bringing their unique expertise and resources to bear in
a coordinated fashion," the Black Swan 18 announcement explains.
"Black Swan 18 will test this ability to operate across geography and
among complementary organizations. Cooperating forces include the Ohio
Military Reserve (2nd Battalion), the ARRL Ohio and Iowa sections, and
Air Force MARS."
For this exercise, communication between US government radio stations
and Amateur Radio stations is authorized on the five channels at 5 MHz
where the Amateur Service has secondary status. Exercise
communications must yield to real-world emergency communications.
Interoperability will remain in effect for the duration of the
exercise.
The exercise will run in three stages:
1. "Build-Up" is October 4 - 5, when organizations involved in
preparation for large events or response to localized emergencies may
wish to participate.
2. "Intense Action" is October 6 - 7, when most organizations will be
establishing operating stations and handling radio traffic in support
of emergency preparation, response, and recovery. Organizations that
cannot participate during the "Intense Action" timeframe may run their
own exercises in any 48-hour window during the scenario.
3. "Recovery" is October 8 - 10, when organizations preparing for and
engaged in recovery operations may wish to participate.
Localized severe weather events and effects may cause activation in
the week before or the week after the scheduled timeframe.
Ohio Military Reserve will provide exercise controllers on SHARES
stations NNO5HA, NNO5HD, and NNO5HG. This activation has been approved
by the FEMA Spectrum Manager.
AMSAT's Fox-1Cliff CubeSat Ready for Launch
AMSAT reports that Vice President-Engineering Jerry Buxton, N0JY,
delivered and integrated its Fox-1Cliff CubeSat into the launch
vehicle on September 24, in preparation for sending it into orbit
later this year. AMSAT has purchased a commercial launch opportunity
for Fox-1Cliff and has been seeking contributions to cover its costs.
The Fox-1Cliff CubeSat was named in memory of longtime AMSAT member,
contributor, and benefactor Cliff Buttschardt, K7RR (SK), who died in
2016.
"This is the last step for AMSAT Engineering in getting one of our
satellites to orbit," Buxton said in a YouTube video that explains
what is involved in the final step of getting an Amateur Radio CubeSat
to orbit. He explained, "Spacecraft integration is the process of
mounting the spacecraft on the launch vehicle." He pointed out that a
spring-loaded "dispenser" propels the CubeSat into orbit from the
launch vehicle.
Fox-1Cliff will have FM voice uplink frequencies of 435.300 MHz and
1,267.300 MHz (67.0 Hz CTCSS tone), and FM voice and AFSK digital data
(up to 9,600 bps) downlink on 145.920 MHz. The nominal transponder
power is 600 mW. Because only one uplink frequency can be active at a
time, use of the Mode L uplink is limited to experimental periods
announced in advance.
Fox-1Cliff carries the flight spare of the AO-85 Vanderbilt University
Low Energy Proton (LEP) radiation experiment, and the standard Fox-1
Penn State University-Erie gyroscope experiment. Virginia Tech
provided a VGA camera, which is the same as the camera onboard AO-92
offering 640 × 480 image resolution. These non-SSTV images will be
decoded in the FoxTelem software.
Unlike the other three Fox-1 FM spacecraft, Fox-1Cliff does not have
an active AFC on the uplinks.
Fox-1Cliff's Subaudible Telemetry (low-speed telemetry) will be the
same as that on AO-85, AO-91, and AO-92. It will be supported by the
same FoxTelem software already released.
Buxton said Fox-1Cliff will share dispenser space with ExseedSat-1, a
CubeSat built by an eight-person team at Exseed Space Innovations
Private Limited, based in Hyderabad, India, and co-founded by Ashhar
Farhan, VU2ESE, the designer of the µBitX SSB/CW transceiver. Farhan
and engineer Gurudatta Panda, VU3GDP, were on hand for the
integration. ExseedSat-1 carries an Amateur Radio FM transponder and
APRS digipeater, with a repeater, digipeater, and telemetry downlink
of 145.900 MHz FM, and a repeater and digipeater uplink of 435.340
MHz.
AMSAT-DL Symposium Hears Update on Es'hail-2 Geostationary Satellite
Progress toward the launch of the Es'hail-2 geostationary Amateur
Radio satellite was reported as AMSAT-DL held its annual symposium on
September 29 at the Institute for Environment and Future Research
(IUZ) Bochum Observatory in Germany. Es'hail-2 is set to go into space
this fall or early winter aboard a SpaceX vehicle; a specific launch
date is not available. AMSAT-DL President Peter Gülzow, DB2OS, and
Achim Vollhardt, DH2VA, reported that AMSAT-DL recently finalized the
individual components for the Es'hail-2 ground station in Doha, Qatar.
"Last week, we finished the work and made the equipment ready to
ship," Gülzow said. The components are to be installed in Qatar in the
near future. A second facility at the Qatar Amateur Radio Society
(QARS) in Doha will serve as a backup, while a third ground station
will be installed at Bochum Observatory.
Es'hail-2 will offer two AMSAT-DL-designed Phase 4 Amateur Radio
transponders operating in the 2.4 GHz and 10.450 GHz bands. A 250 kHz
bandwidth linear transponder is intended for conventional analog
operation, while an 8 MHz bandwidth transponder will provide
experimental digital modulation schemes and DVB digital amateur
television (DATV). Both transponders will be equipped with antennas
capable of providing full coverage of about one-third of Earth's
surface.
"We hope to be able to present live broadcasts in DATV at the next HAM
RADIO [in Friedrichshafen], June 21 - 23," Gülzow said.
AMSAT-DL has been offering technical assistance on the Es'hail-2
project. The commercial Qatari satellite will provide the first
Amateur Radio geostationary communication and will be capable of
linking amateurs from Brazil to Thailand.
Gülzow will deliver a presentation, "Es'hail-2 and its Amateur Radio
Payload" at the AMSAT-UK International Space Colloquium, October 13 -
14, as part of the Radio Society of Great Britain Convention in Milton
Keynes, England. -- Thanks to DARC, Southgate Amateur Radio News
Spray-On Antennas Could Be the Wave of the Future, University
Researchers Believe
Researchers at Drexel University's College of Engineering report a
breakthrough in nanomaterials technology that promises to make
installing an antenna as easy as applying sunblock or bug spray. The
University reported the research in a DrexelNOW article, "Drexel's
Spray-On Antennas Could Be the Tech Connector of the Future." The
advance could mean wearable and invisible antennas that could find
their place in the next generation of the Internet of Things (IoT),
and even have Amateur Radio applications.
"The ability to spray an antenna on a flexible substrate or make it
optically transparent means that we could have a lot of new places to
set up networks," said Drexel Wireless Systems Laboratory Director and
engineering professor Kapil Dandekar, a co-author of the research
published recently in Science vances.
"This technology could enable the truly seamless integration of
antennas with everyday objects, which will be critical for the
emerging Internet of things," Dandekar said.
In their paper, Dandekar and his colleagues laid out a method for
spraying invisibly thin antennas made from a type of two-dimensional
metallic material called MXene -- a conductive, two-dimensional
titanium carbide material -- which can be dissolved in water to create
an ink or paint. They said the exceptional conductivity of the
material enables it to be employed as an RF radiator, even when
applied in a very thin, nearly invisible coating. The MXene antennas
perform as well as those now being used in mobile devices, wireless
routers, and other devices, the Drexel researchers said. In addition,
the MXene materials were shown to be 50 times better than graphene and
300 times better than silver ink antennas in terms of preserving the
quality of RF transmission.
Yury Gogotsi, director of the A.J. Drexel Nanomaterials Institute.
[Photo courtesy of Drexel University]
"Current fabrication methods of metals cannot make antennas thin
enough and applicable to any surface, in spite of decades of research
and development to improve the performance of metal antennas," said
Yury Gogotsi, Ph.D., director of the A.J. Drexel Nanomaterials
Institute, who initiated and led the project. "We were looking for
two-dimensional nanomaterials, which have sheet thickness about
100,000 times thinner than a human hair; just a few atoms across, and
can self-assemble into conductive films upon deposition on any
surface. Therefore, we selected MXene as a candidate for ultra-thin
antennas."
"The MXene antenna not only outperformed the macro and micro world of
metal antennas, we went beyond the performance of available
nanomaterial antennas, while keeping the antenna thickness very low,"
said Babak Anasori, a research assistant professor in the A.J. Drexel
Nanomaterials Institute. "The thinnest antenna was as thin as 62
nanometers -- about a thousand times thinner than a sheet of paper --
and it was almost transparent."
Unlike existing nanomaterial fabrication methods that require several
steps, the Drexel research team's spray-on antennas can be fabricated
in a single step by airbrush spraying a water-based MXene ink, Anasori
said. -- Thanks to DrexelNow
In Brief...
Peggy Sue Gerron, ex-K5PSG, of Lubbock, Texas, who inspired singer
Buddy Holly's 1957 rockabilly hit "Peggy Sue," died on October 1. She
was 78. First licensed in 2004 as KE5AKW, she later obtained the
vanity call K5PSG. Her license expired in 2014, and K5PSG has since
been reissued. Gerron went to high school with Holly and later married
The Crickets drummer, Jerry Allison. As rock 'n' roll history has it,
Holly originally titled the song "Cindy Lou," but Allison convinced
the singer to change the tune's name to "Peggy Sue." In a 2004
interview, Gerron said that story is close to the truth, but not
entirely accurate. After Holly's death in 1959, Gerron toured with The
Crickets when the band got back together. Over the years, Gerron made
public and media appearances all over the country. She said her
participation in the 2004 W5B special event in Lubbock commemorating
Holly helped inspire her Amateur Radio aspirations. "You can do TV
specials, and you can be interviewed by the very best DJs," she said,
"but there is nothing like the feeling of putting your finger down,
and transmitting your call sign, and having somebody answer back."
The ARRL School Club Roundup fall session takes place October 15 - 19.
The point of this contest is to foster friendly competition and
increase Amateur Radio activity at elementary schools, middle schools,
high schools, and colleges. Non-school clubs and individuals can also
participate. This multi-day event happens during the week, presumably
when contesters are able to use resources at school. Some schools make
this event part of their radio club's activities under the guidance of
an educator or club sponsor. Many schools at the college level rely on
the students to determine whether and how to participate. Results from
previous events show consistent strong participation from particular
schools. -- Thanks to ARRL Contest Update
ARISS and AMSAT are supporting a FundRazr campaign to raise $150,000
for critical ham radio infrastructure upgrades on the International
Space Station (ISS). "ARISS is in critical need of infrastructure
upgrades to ensure that programs such as talking to astronauts in
space using Amateur Radio can continue," ARISS International President
Frank Bauer, KA3HDO, said. ARISS seeks several upgrades, including new
Amateur Radio communication and experiment capabilities, such as an
enhanced voice repeater, updated digital Automatic Packet Reporting
System (APRS), and slow-scan television (SSTV) with image uplinks and
downlinks in both US and Russian segments. They're also looking for
next-generation radio systems that will support easier mode and
capability transitions, and a multi-voltage power supply to support
present and future radio capabilities. Bauer points out that ARISS
needs to build 10 next-generation radio systems to support the
development of on-orbit operations, training, and longterm
maintenance. This includes two units for on-orbit use (one unit each
for the US and Russian segments), two flight spares, three units for
training, one unit for testing, and two units for ground-based
maintenance and troubleshooting. -- Thanks to AMSAT News Service via
Frank Bauer, KA3HDO
(L-R) Ricky Arnold, KE5DAU; Soyuz Commander Oleg Artemyev, and Drew
Feustel will return to Earth on October 4 after 197 days in space.
[NASA photo]
A radio amateur is among the International Space Station crew
returning to Earth. Flight Engineer Ricky Arnold, KE5DAU, will join
Expedition 56 Commander Drew Feustel and Flight Engineer and Soyuz
Commander Oleg Artemyev on an October 4 return voyage to Earth after
more than about 6 months in space. They will travel in a Soyuz MS-08
spacecraft heading for a parachute-assisted landing on the Kazakh
Steppe some hours later. The crew is completing a 197-day mission. At
an October 3 change-of-command ceremony, Feustel will formally hand
over command of the ISS to crewmate Alexander Gerst, KF5ONO, of the
European Space Agency. Gerst, Serena Auñón-Chancellor, KG5TMT, and
Sergey Prokopyev will hold down the fort for one week until Nick
Hague, KG5TMV, and Alexey Ovchinin launch from Baikonur Cosmodrome in
Kazakhstan for a 6-hour journey to the ISS aboard the Soyuz MS-10
spacecraft, to round out the five-person Expedition 57.
The K7RA Solar Update
Tad Cook, K7RA, Seattle, reports: Sunspots finally returned on
September 29, after more than 2 weeks with none. Average daily sunspot
numbers increased from 0 to 9.6, and average daily solar flux
increased from 67.9 to 68.4 over the September 27 - October 3
reporting week.
Average daily planetary A index declined from 10.9 to 7.7, while
average mid-latitude A index changed from 7.9 to 6.1.
Predicted solar flux is 68 on October 4-18; 70 on October 19 -
November 2; 68 on November 3-14, and 70 on November 15-17.
Predicted planetary A index is 8, 8, 5, 20, 20, and 12 on October 4-9;
15 on October 10-11; 8, 5, 12, and 8 on October 12-15; 5 on October
16-17; 10, 25, 14, 8, and 12 on October 18-22; 8 on October 23-25; 10,
6, 12, 8, and 5 on October 26-30; 8 on October 31 - November 2; 20,
35, 10, 18, and 15 on November 3-7; 8, 5, 10, 8, and 5 on November
8-12; and 5, 10, 25, 15, and 8 on November 13-17.
Sunspot numbers for September 27 - October 3 were 0, 0, 13, 14, 14,
14, and 12, with a mean of 9.6. The 10.7-centimeter flux was 67.1,
69.1, 68.7, 68.3, 70.1, 67, and 68.4, with a mean of 68.4. Estimated
planetary A indices were 7, 8, 10, 6, 9, 8, and 6, with a mean of 7.7.
Estimated mid-latitude A indices were 6, 8, 9, 4, 6, 6, and 4, with a
mean of 6.1.
Share your propagation reports and observations.
Just Ahead in Radiosport
October 5-7 -- All YLRL DX/NA YL Anniversary Contest (CW, phone,
digital)
October 6 -- Microwave Fall Sprint
October 6 -- FISTS Fall Slow Speed Sprint (CW)
October 6-7 -- California QSO Party (CW, phone)
October 6-7 -- TRC DX Contest (CW, phone)
October 6-7 -- Oceania DX Contest (Phone)
October 6-7 -- Russian WW Digital Contest
October 6-7 -- International HELL Contest (Digital)
October 7 -- RSGB DX Contest (CW, phone)
October 7 -- UBA ON Contest (SSB)
October 7 -- Peanut Power QRP Sprint (CW, phone)
October 8 -- RSGB 80-Meter Autumn Series (CW)
October 10 -- 10-10 International 10-10 Day Sprint (CW, phone,
digital)
October 10 -- NAQCC CW Sprint
See the ARRL Contest Calendar for more information. For in-depth
reporting on Amateur Radio contesting, subscribe to The ARRL Contest
Update via your ARRL member profile email preferences.
Upcoming ARRL Section, State, and Division Conventions
October 7 -- Iowa Section Convention, West Liberty, Iowa
October 11-14 -- Microwave Update Convention, Fairborn, Ohio
October 12-13 -- Pacific Northwest VHF Conference, Seaside, Oregon
October 13 -- Wisconsin ARES/RACES Conference, Wisconsin Rapids,
Wisconsin
October 19-20 -- New Mexico State Convention, Socorro, New Mexico
October 19-21 -- Pacific Division Convention, San Ramon, California
October 20 -- Tennessee State Convention, East Ridge, Tennessee
October 21 -- Connecticut State Convention, Meriden, Connecticut
November 3-4 -- Georgia Section Convention, Lawrenceville, Georgia
November 10 -- Alabama Section Convention, Montgomery, Alabama
November 10 -- HamJam 2018 Convention, Alpharetta, Georgia
November 17-18 -- Central Division Convention, Fort Wayne, Indiana
December 1 -- Arkansas DX Association Conference, North Little Rock,
Arkansas
December 7-8 -- West Central Florida Section Convention, Plant City,
Florida
Find conventions and hamfests in your area
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