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KF5JRV > TODAY 11.05.19 13:31l 49 Lines 2627 Bytes #999 (0) @ WW
BID : 36102_KF5JRV
Read: GUEST
Subj: Today in History - May 11
Path: IW8PGT<IR2UBX<F1OYP<ON0AR<GB7CIP<AB0AF<KF5JRV
Sent: 190511/1128Z 36102@KF5JRV.#NWAR.AR.USA.NA BPQ6.0.18
On this day in 1934, a massive storm sends millions of tons of topsoil
flying from across the parched Great Plains region of the United States
as far east as New York, Boston and Atlanta.
At the time the Great Plains were settled in the mid-1800s, the land was
covered by prairie grass, which held moisture in the earth and kept most
of the soil from blowing away even during dry spells. By the early 20th
century, however, farmers had plowed under much of the grass to create
fields. The U.S. entry into World War I in 1917 caused a great need for
wheat, and farms began to push their fields to the limit, plowing under
more and more grassland with the newly invented tractor. The plowing
continued after the war, when the introduction of even more powerful
gasoline tractors sped up the process. During the 1920s, wheat
production increased by 300 percent, causing a glut in the market by
1931.
That year, a severe drought spread across the region. As crops died,
wind began to carry dust from the over-plowed and over-grazed lands. The
number of dust storms reported jumped from 14 in 1932 to 28 in 1933. The
following year, the storms decreased in frequency but increased in
intensity, culminating in the most severe storm yet in May 1934. Over a
period of two days, high-level winds caught and carried some 350 million
tons of silt all the way from the northern Great Plains to the eastern
seaboard. According to The New York Times, dust “lodged itself in the
eyes and throats of weeping and coughing New Yorkers,ö and even ships
some 300 miles offshore saw dust collect on their decks.
The dust storms forced thousands of families from Texas, Arkansas,
Oklahoma, Colorado, Kansas and New Mexico to uproot and migrate to
California, where they were derisively known as “Okiesö–no matter which
state they were from. These transplants found life out West not much
easier than what they had left, as work was scarce and pay meager during
the worst years of the Great Depression.
Another massive storm on April 15, 1935–known as “Black Sundayö–brought
even more attention to the desperate situation in the Great Plains
region, which reporter Robert Geiger called the “Dust Bowl.ö That year,
as part of its New Deal program, President Franklin D. Roosevelt’s
administration began to enforce federal regulation of farming methods,
including crop rotation, grass-seeding and new plowing methods. This
worked to a point, reducing dust storms by up to 65 percent, but only
the end of the drought in the fall of 1939 would truly bring relief.
73 de Scott KF5JRV
Pmail: KF5JRV@KF5JRV.#NWAR.AR.USA.NA
email: KF5JRV@GMAIL.COM
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