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KF5JRV > TODAY 18.06.19 13:42l 7 Lines 2365 Bytes #999 (0) @ WW
BID : 212_KF5JRV
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Subj: Today in History - Jun 18
Path: IW8PGT<CX2SA<N3HYM<KA3BVJ<AB0AF<KF5JRV
Sent: 190618/1141Z 212@KF5JRV.#NWAR.AR.USA.NA BPQ6.0.18
The day after the Senate followed the House of Representatives in votingto declare war against Great Britain, President James Madison signs thedeclaration into law—and the War of 1812 begins. The American wardeclaration, opposed by a sizable minority in Congress, had been calledin response to the British economic blockade of France, the induction ofAmerican seaman into the British Royal Navy against their will, and theBritish support of hostile Indian tribes along the Great Lakes frontier.A faction of Congress known as the “War Hawksö had been advocating warwith Britain for several years and had not hidden their hopes that aU.S. invasion of Canada might result in significant territorial landgains for the United States.In the months after President Madison proclaimed the state of war to bein effect, American forces launched a three-point invasion of Canada,all of which were decisively unsuccessful. In 1814, with NapoleonBonaparte’s French Empire collapsing, the British were able to allocatemore military resources to the American war, and Washington, D.C., fellto the British in August. In Washington, British troops burned the WhiteHouse, the Capitol, and other buildings in retaliation for the earlierburning of government buildings in Canada by U.S. soldiers.In September, the tide of the war turned when Thomas Macdonough’sAmerican naval force won a decisive victory at the Battle of PlattsburgBay on Lake Champlain. The invading British army was forced to retreatback into Canada. The American victory on Lake Champlain led to theconclusion of U.S.-British peace negotiations in Belgium, and onDecember 24, 1814, the Treaty of Ghent was signed, formally ending theWar of 1812. By the terms of the agreement, all conquered territory wasto be returned, and a commission would be established to settle theboundary of the United States and Canada.British forces assailing the Gulf Coast were not informed of the treatyin time, and on January 8, 1815, the U.S. forces under Andrew Jacksonachieved the greatest American victory of the war at the Battle of NewOrleans. The American public heard of Jackson’s victory and the Treatyof Ghent at approximately the same time, fostering a greater sentimentof self-confidence and shared identity throughout the young republic.
73 de Scott KF5JRV
Pmail: KF5JRV@KF5JRV.#NWAR.AR.USA.NA
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