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N0KFQ > TODAY 28.12.15 17:23l 58 Lines 2627 Bytes #999 (0) @ WW
BID : 79979_N0KFQ
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Subj: Today in History - Dec 28
Path: IW8PGT<CX2SA<N9PMO<N3XPD<N0KFQ
Sent: 151228/1516Z 79979@N0KFQ.#SWMO.MO.USA.NA BPQ1.4.65
1895
First commercial movie screened
On this day in 1895, the world's first commercial movie screening
takes place at the Grand Cafe in Paris. The film was made by
Louis and Auguste Lumiere, two French brothers who developed a
camera-projector called the Cinematographe. The Lumiere brothers
unveiled their invention to the public in March 1895 with a brief
film showing workers leaving the Lumiere factory. On December 28,
the entrepreneurial siblings screened a series of short scenes
from everyday French life and charged admission for the first
time.
Movie technology has its roots in the early 1830s, when Joseph
Plateau of Belgium and Simon Stampfer of Austria simultaneously
developed a device called the phenakistoscope, which incorporated
a spinning disc with slots through which a series of drawings
could be viewed, creating the effect of a single moving image.
The phenakistoscope, considered the precursor of modern motion
pictures, was followed by decades of advances and in 1890, Thomas
Edison and his assistant William Dickson developed the first
motion-picture camera, called the Kinetograph. The next year,
1891, Edison invented the Kinetoscope, a machine with a peephole
viewer that allowed one person to watch a strip of film as it
moved past a light.
In 1894, Antoine Lumiere, the father of Auguste (1862-1954) and
Louis (1864-1948), saw a demonstration of Edison's Kinetoscope.
The elder Lumiere was impressed, but reportedly told his sons,
who ran a successful photographic plate factory in Lyon, France,
that they could come up with something better. Louis Lumiere's
Cinematographe, which was patented in 1895, was a combination
movie camera and projector that could display moving images on a
screen for an audience. The Cinematographe was also smaller,
lighter and used less film than Edison's technology.
The Lumieres opened theaters (known as cinemas) in 1896 to show
their work and sent crews of cameramen around the world to screen
films and shoot new material. In America, the film industry
quickly took off. In 1896, Vitascope Hall, believed to be the
first theater in the U.S. devoted to showing movies, opened in
New Orleans. In 1909, The New York Times published its first film
review (of D.W. Griffith's "Pippa Passes"), in 1911 the first
Hollywood film studio opened and in 1914, Charlie Chaplin made
his big-screen debut.
In addition to the Cinematographe, the Lumieres also developed
the first practical color photography process, the Autochrome
plate, which debuted in 1907.
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