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G8MNY > TECH 12.10.18 11:50l 166 Lines 7587 Bytes #999 (0) @ WW
BID : 41433_GB7CIP
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Subj: HF Rx Suckout Trap
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Sent: 181012/0944Z @:GB7CIP.#32.GBR.EURO #:41433 [Caterham Surrey GBR]
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From: G8MNY@GB7CIP.#32.GBR.EURO
To : TECH@WW
By G8MNY (Updated Oct 17)
(8 Bit ASCII graphics use code page 437 or 850, Terminal Font)
When doing demo stations with more than 1 HF Tx on different bands (or with a
nearby ham), QRM between stations is quite normal, even with the high Q tuned
circuit of an ATU.
Here is one method to remove most of the problem from the aerial lead. (from a
system built up years ago for 2 FT101s by G0SYR & revisited for more modern
rigs.)
STATION A STATION B
\|/ \|/
³ ÚÄÄÄ¿ ÚÄÄÄÄÄÄÄ¿RF ÚÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄ¿ ÚÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄ¿ RFÚÄÄÄÄÄÄÄ¿ ÚÄÄÄ¿ ³
ÀÄ´ATUÃÄ´Rx TRAPÃÄÄÄ´TRANCEIVER³ ³TRANCEIVERÃÄÄÄ´Rx TRAPÃÄ´ATUÃÄÙ
ÀÄÄÄÙ ³ B FreqÃÄÄÄ´ ³ ³ ÃÄÄÄ´ A Freq³ ÀÄÄÄÙ
ÀÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÙPTTÀÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÙ ÀÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÙPTTÀÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÙ
It uses switchable "Teed in series tuned traps" (notch) that are only in
circuit on Rx. If the transceivers have a transverting loop through ports, then
the circuit is quite simple, otherwise a relay operated by the PTT is needed as
well.
This device also stops the Rx safety lamps (if fitted) or F/Es from blowing up.
THE TRAP
It is only connected in Rx mode, so there is no high voltages, but good quality
components & layout in a sold metal box are needed to give the good Q & deep
reject notch on the 50ê line.
50ê coax coax coax
TXR o)ÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÂÄÄÄÄÄÄ(o ANT Rx<ÄÄÄÄÄÂÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄ>Relay
_³_ ³ _³_ Socket Port o In/Out Port
Relay\_ \_ SW
( (
LED L1 (___ O R L1 (___
+12V>Ä´>ÃÄÄÂÄÄÄÄÄ¿ ( ³ Hi/Low ( ³ Hi/Low
D1 _³_ ÚÄÄÁÄÄ¿ L2 ( ø/ Band W I T H L2 ( ø/ Band
/_\ ³relay³ (___³ Switch (___³ Switch
D3 D2³ ÀÄÄÂÄÄÙ ³_ Rx P O R T ³_
PTT>´<ÃÄÄÄÁÄÄÂÄÄÙ ³/| ³/|
o Out/In === C1 === C1
/ SW /³ Tune /³ Tune
ÚÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÁÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÁÄÄ ÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÁÄÄÄÄÄ
_³_
D1 LED/1N4001
D2&3 1N4001
C1 2x 350pF Air spaced (MW radio cap)
L1 1uH, 12 Turns 1mm Enamelled Copper Wire on 1cm former (oval egotube).
L2 10uH, 44 Turns of 0.7mm ECW on 1cm former (oval egotube).
Both coils are on the same Úı±±±±²²²²²²²²²²²Ä¿
former in line, wound in the ³ ±L1±±²²²²L2²²²²² ³
same direction. So more L in Àı±±±±²²²²²²²²²²²ÄÙ
series & less L when L2 shorted. / | \
If you are using a rig accessory socket for ptt relay power, be careful not to
short it, Andy G0FTD recommends a series LED as a fuse. If your relay is not
very RF isolating to the winding or you experience Tx mode lock up add a
capacitor (1nF) across the PTT line.
FRONT PANEL
ÚÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄ¿
³ ³ Scale calibrating:-
³ 160/80m ___ ³ connect to Rx & mark
³ Band (o) 80Üßú_._úßÜ40 ³ the band ends etc.
³ 40m-10m 20Ü/ / n \ \ ³ by nulling signals.
³ 15Üúú / \ úúÛ160³
³ 10ܳ ³ ( ) ³ ß ³ The band switch is
³ Out |_| ³ colour coded, & the
³Filter(o) ³ same colours mark
³ In Notch Tune ³ the ham bands on
³ ³ the dial.
ÀÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÙ
IN USE
Typical notch depth is 30-40dB, but tuning is critical for the peak. However
notching the QRM down by 20dB or so, generally removes all Rx overload QRM.
Notch Rx attenuation width, does not extend to the next ham band, so adjacent
bands like 5MHz & 10MHz can just be used while notching out the 7MHz band etc.
Notch Depth
0dB´ÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄ-.._ _..-ÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄ
10dB´ \ /
20dB´ | |
30dB´ |
40dB´ '
ÀÄÄÄÄÄÄÂÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÂÄÄÄÄÄÄÂÄÄÄÄÄÂÄÄÄÄÄÄÂÄÄÄÄÄÂÄÄÄÂÄÄÂÄÄÄÄÄÂÄ
1.8 3.5 5 7 10 14 18 21 28 MHz
Note that 2 stations operating locally, have QRM paths other than the aerial!
e.g. via mains/12V leads, poor coax, poor metal case screening etc.
The trap does NOT remove any of the other station's Tx harmonics, so you still
will have some spot frequencies to avoid. e.g. a 100W of CW on 3.510 MHz will
give a strong signal on 7.020 MHz & that can't be notched out! Also the trap
does NOT remove any of the other station's broad band Tx noise or spurious, so
you have to put up with that but read on!
TX MIXING & ATU BAND FILTER ACTION
High levels of coupling between Tx aerials can cause QRM to other HF services
as the Tx PA can mix its own signal & with other strong ones!
100W_³ TxA
10W_³ ³ TxB
1W_³ ³ ³
100mW_³ A-B ³ ³ A+B
10mW_³ ³ ³ ³ ³
1mW_³ A-2B ³ ³ ³ ³ A+2B
100uW_³ ³ ³ ³ ³ ³ ³
ÀÄÄÄÁÄÄÄÄÄÁÄÄÄÄÄÁÄÄÄÄÄÁÄÄÄÄÄÁÄÄÄÄÄÁÄ
So there is still a need to have the aerials separated enough, so that there is
next to no power seen by the PA. e.g. the SWR bridge ATU on station A (between
ATU & Tx) should not be indicating power from station B (SWR direction).
STATION A close aerial B
A 100W> \|/ <direct \|/
ÚÄÄÄÄÄÄÄ¿ ÚÄÄÄ¿ ÚÄÄÄ¿ ³ <pick up ³ e.g.
³ TX PA ÃÄÄ´SWRÃÄÄ´ATUÃÄÄÙ ÀÄ< 100W
ÀÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÙ ÀÄÄÄÙ ÀÄÄÄÙ <10W B?
<100mW B? <100mW B?
With a good enough Q between the aerial & the Tx stage in this example 100mW
(-20dB of aerial signal) gets to the PA & will produce unwanted products in the
PA (acting as a Mixer) say at 10mW each, these then have to go back through the
same tuned circuit to reach the aerial @ 100uW each. With valve PA equipment
the high Q of the PA tank circuit also helps a lot, but this is not present on
a modern solid state broadband HF PA.
This is where a manual "T" or "Pi" Hi Q ATUs come in to their own, by providing
more band isolation (20dB off resonance & 18dB/O cut off), compared to the
simpler 2 component "L" type ATU (Automatic types).
oÄ´ÃÄÂÄ´ÃÄo oÄÂÄÄLÄÄÂÄo oÄ´ÃÄÄÂÄÄo oÄÄLÄÄÂÄÄo
L === === L ===
oÄÄÄÄÁÄÄÄÄo oÄÁÄÄÄÄÄÁÄo oÄÄÄÄÄÁÄÄo oÄÄÄÄÄÁÄÄo
Loss
0dB´ /\ /\ /\._ _./\
10dB´ | \._ _./ | _./ ~ ~ \._
20dB´ _/ ~ ~ \_ -~ ~-
30dB´-~ ~-
ÅÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄ ÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄ ÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄ ÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄ
T ATU Pi ATU L ATU L ATU
LF cut HF cut LF cut HF Cut
Why don't U send an interesting bul?
73 de John G8MNY @ GB7CIP
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