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G8MNY > TECH 01.01.24 10:38l 269 Lines 13331 Bytes #999 (0) @ WW
BID : 63753_GB7CIP
Read: GUEST
Subj: Making ASCII diagrams
Path: IW8PGT<I3XTY<I0OJJ<GB7CIP
Sent: 240101/0829Z @:GB7CIP.#32.GBR.EURO #:63753 [Caterham Surrey GBR]
From: G8MNY@GB7CIP.#32.GBR.EURO
To : TECH@WW
By G8MNY (Updated Jan 09)
(8 Bit ASCII graphics use code page 437 or 850, Terminal Font)
Most of the TECH buls use the full 8 bit graphics character set. To make your
own diagrams here are some tips.
TEXT EDITORS
The 102 key keyboard only does about 33% of the 256 characters possable. To get
the full set (about 220 usable on packet) you normally hold down the ALT key &
enter the 3 digit ALT number into the number keypad, this works in most text
editors e.g. "MS EDIT". (MS OS, Other OS platforms are different!)
Also don't use justify or variable spacing in the editor / viewer! See my "Y
Extended ASCII Graphics" bul for more compatibility information. The 8 bit
extended character sets where originaly defined by Code Page Nos for all
software applications to use on that machine, & Code Pages 437 or 850 give the
most compatable extended graphics set across all platforms NOT just a specific
MS Windows application!
Try these for yourself.
ڿ
[] = , | = , - = , Ts = , + = Ohm = , Degree = , +/- =
ALT 218 191 179 196 194 180 195 193 197 234 248 241
KEY 192 217 (not all Code/Pages)
In a good editor you will find a list of all the characters in the help screen.
(MS Char map in TERMINAL font) Print these out if you can. Some editors also
have block cut & past (not just paragraphs) & this is a very useful feature for
moving & copying parts of the screen.
Useful char:
ALT KEY 171 172 227 230 235 236 240 242 243 246 247 251
(Alt 253 "superscript 2" fails on Paket software [a Bug])
GRAPHICS & CHARACTERS
Here are some Characters & 8th bit Graphics mixed & how they look together.
ALT
045 - (Hyphen) Do not join up ---
095 _ (Underline) Only partly joins ____ (can't use space above!)
196 (Graphic) Joins up OK Ĵ (OK to underside of underline)
124 | (Bar) Do not join up | (some Fonts have broken bar)
186 (Graphic) Joins up own set ĺ
061 = (Equals) Do not join up == =
96`95_046.044,045-039' Rising graphic ~-,__.-~ (detailed Graphs, Circles)
176 177 178 219 Shading (Some displays are inverted)
220 221 222 223 Half Blocks (Doing bold lettering etc.)
How viewable the results are of mixing them, will depend on your font & to some
extent the video card & mode it is set to as well. Try not to mix Alt 196 & -
the hyphen as they may look the same, but are not on many displays.
ELECTRONIC COMPONENT ART
WIRES
Ĵ ) ij
J o i n t s (avoid) Cross over (avoid)
TERMINALS
tag o+5V O * > > o) @
TP coax
GROUND/EARTH small __ __ __ 0V
/CHASSIS/0v //// \_/ 0V
SWITCHES o Ŀ
___ o \o o o o o FUSE
o o Toggle o< /\ o--o
Push o
DIODES Ĵ> __ __ LED__ ZENER__ __ VARICAP__
\_/ /_\ \_/GN /_\' _\_/, /_\ \_/ ===
Ĵ< D1 D2 ON Z1 === /_\
SCR __ __ TRIAC ____a'' > DIACS ____ <
\_/ or \_/ /\ \/ Ĵ /\ \/ Ĵ
___/ g <\ >
a'
TRANSISTORS ____ Ŀe TR1/ \ Dual __|
/ \e _\_/_ Ĵ< Ĵ NPN Ĵ FET IGFET
e \e e/BC108 > >
small
_
CAPACITORS + Too /| C2
Ĵ === 1uF large === 100p
10n not so / Variable
good
INDUCTORS L ___ ___ Slid \/ Preset
_(((()_ (___ )( 300V ())))) Ŀ \
===== Iron ( Tapped 220V )(___ )|/`\
Ferrite Ferrite ( N ___) ___ )|
Bead E ____(___6V /)|
RESISTORS or if ______
>POT 10 you 390R Ĵ______
10k 220R 10k __/\/\/\_ must 1/4W 47 10W
20W use
boxes
RELAYS _ __
Ŀ300 NCĿ ==== / - /~ ~\ + /DC \
ALARM ___\__ ())) MK ĴMeter (Motor)
NO C \_ _/ \___/
~
__ __ __ __
OP AMPS Ĵ\+ Ĵ\ GATES Ĵ \ Ĵ _ \ Ĵ \ Ĵ __\
A > B > & ) & )O- ) OR > ) OR >O
Ĵ/- Ĵ/ Ĵ__ / Ĵ__ / Ĵ__ / Ĵ__ /
+8
ICs 4Ŀ 14 8
ĴReset 3 +12V ____ +5V
6 LM 555 O/P Ĵ7805 ).
ĴDischarge ~~~
ĴTrigger CV 1 7
2
-1 5
VALVES ____ ____ -|A X Y A F A G K
/ \ / \ ~-.________________
- - - CRT [] ||_\ H
\ /~\ / /~~~\ [] ||~/ H
~~~ \_/\_/ _.-'~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
~
Often with ASCII ART there is not enough detail for precise component graphic
symbols, but to a good engineer these graphics are good enough. (clearer than a
bought Photocopied diagram/CD/internet download!)
As with any text composing this may take a while, so do SAVE it often as an
ASCII (.ASC or .TXT) file often (possibly as a .BAK file as well!).
Try to make the diagram size less than 79 characters wide by 23 lines high, as
this fits most viewers, with room for their control bars etc. & should stop
auto wrapping of your carefully spaced diagram when sent over packet.
The diagram size restriction may mean splitting the diagram up into functional
blocks, giving you the option to describe each part as you go. Not normally
possible with other drawing systems! Write the text out under the drawing & if
both text & drawing can be made small enough, cut & past side by side...
Holder ͻ Tester
п Ŀ The tester panel
The valve holder ()¿() д ~~~~~~~~~ has 6 rotary pot
panel has 14/15 ()______() Ĵ `\ or switches for
types of valve ) ~~~~~~~~~ setting to the
base & a large ( )( )( )( ) db db electrode volts,
9 way thumb test modes, a
wheel switch. ( )( )( )( ) db O db neon continuity
(o) test lamp & a
( )( )( )( ) db . o . db test lever.
[AVO VALVE TESTER}
mains
DO NOT use TABS as they have different widths on different apps.
(e.g. tab = 8-10 spaces, OR goto next TAB bar if set up)
If you are describing a large circuit, then use component Numbers, not values &
make a component value table....
No R C L T IC
1 100R 10u 88mH BC109 LM741
2 18k 15p 10uH BFX20 NE555
3 2R 22n 1mH
4 220k 3n3
5 100k
6 1M
If it is for a BBS bulletin, I add standard headers & tails etc....
SB TECH @ WW
TITLE FOR BBS 32 ch max
By ..... (New 09)
(8 Bit ASCII Graphics use code page 437 or 850 e.g. Terminal Font)
ASCII File XXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXX
XXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXX
XXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXX
XXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXX
A Tag line
73 De ..................
/EX
If you need to put the file through an editor with a spellchecker do it now,
but note the graphics will all show as errors. Once you have finished all the
cut & pasting, tidy it up for packet by going down the right hand side & remove
all the unwanted spaces at the end of lines as these are not needed. I then
rename the file as a .BUL as the extension when it is ready to send.
OTHER TIPS
Get the units/abbreviations right. e.g. Volts are V not v, Metres = m
Frequency is in Hz, kHz, MHz, & GHz not hz, KHz or mHz mhz as m=milli, gHz etc.
K = Kelvin, not k kilo. So a 12 kilo = 12k & not a very cold 12K !
Decibels are dB not db.
The result should be a VERY compact ASCII file, ideal for Packet & easy for
your SYSOP to check & vet it before releasing the bul. And it will be quick &
easy to read on many system/platforms & in any language....
Date/Time : 12-Oct 22:36 2004
Title : hello
From: LW5DIX@LW6EVE.#1661.BA.ARG.SA
To : G8MNY@GB7CIP.#32.GBR.EU
SB TECH @WW
ASCII table for diagrams
By G8MNY (New Aug 11)
(8 Bit ASCII graphics use code page 437 or 850, Terminal Font)
Most of the TECH buls use the full 8 bit graphics character set often called
TERMINAL FONT.
Here is the full table if you can't find it on your PC, curtsey of gus i0ojj.
ASCII Character Code Page 437 (Codes 1 to 31 are control codes)
32 33 ! 34 " 35 # 36 $ 37 % 38 & 39 ' 40 ( 41 ) 42 * 43 + 44 ,
45 - 46 . 47 / 48 0 49 1 50 2 51 3 52 4 53 5 54 6 55 7 56 8 57 9
58 : 59 ; 60 < 61 = 62 > 63 ? 64 @ 65 A 66 B 67 C 68 D 69 E 70 F
71 G 72 H 73 I 74 J 75 K 76 L 77 M 78 N 79 O 80 P 81 Q 82 R 83 S
84 T 85 U 86 V 87 W 88 X 89 Y 90 Z 91 [ 92 \ 93 ] 94 ^ 95 _ 96 `
97 a 98 b 99 c100 d101 e102 f103 g104 h105 i106 j107 k108 l109 m
110 n111 o112 p113 q114 r115 s116 t117 u118 v119 w120 x121 y122 z
123 {124 |125 }126 ~127 128 129 130 131 132 133 134 135
136 137 138 139 140 141 142 ij143 144 145 146 147 148
149 150 151 152 153 ֳ154 ܳ155 156 157 158 159 160 161
162 163 164 165 166 167 168 169 170 171 172 173 174
175 176 177 178 179 180 181 182 183 184 185 186 187
188 189 190 191 192 193 194 ³195 ó196 ij197 ų198 Ƴ199 dz200
201 ɳ202 ʳ203 ˳204 ̳205 ͳ206 γ207 ϳ208 г209 ѳ210 ҳ211 ӳ212 Գ213
214 ֳ215 ׳216 س217 ٳ218 ڳ219 ۳220 ܳ221 ݳ222 223 ߳224 225 ߳226
227 228 229 230 231 232 233 234 235 236 237 238 239
240 241 242 243 244 245 246 247 248 249 250 251 252
253 254
N.B. Not all can be used from the ALT NUM keyboard or on Packet Radio!
ASCII Graphic Symbols
verthorizvertverthorizvertverthorizvertverthorizvertĿ
179 196 179 186 205 186 186 196 186179 205 179
͵
218 194 191 201 203 187 214 210 183 213 209 184
Ĵ
195 197 180 204 206 185 199 215 182 198 216 181
Ĵ
192 193 217 200 202 188 211 208 189 212 207 190
Other codes used frequently:
129 130 138 155 156 159 171 172 227
228 230 232 234 246 251 253
See my Tech bul on making ASCII diagarams, "Making ASCII Diagams" & "Y Extended
ASCII graphics"
Why don't U send an interesting bul?
73 de John G8MNY @ GB7CIP
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